Arum

ARACEAE
Herbaceous Perennial
All Parts of These Plants are Poisonous

Arum. italicum marmoratum

Arum. pictum

Arum are a genus of tuberous perennials grown for their leaves and spathes that enclose an erect pencil like spadix of small flowers. Flowering is mostly followed by bright red berries produced on the spadix.

Unfortunately Arums have not gained popularity due to an unpleasant odour, and the fact that they are poisonous. However for groundcover and under-planting beneath trees varieties such as Arum. italicum marmoratum are well suited to the role.

 

Varieties: -

Arum. apulum

Form: Shade loving tuberous perennials. They follow the classic pattern of many Mediterranean geophytes, with summer dormancy. Leaves appear in October and flowering is in April.
Height: 
Spread: 
Foliage: 
Deep green leaves
Flowers: 
Produces a spathe which is deep purple-black inside, toning to paler shades of violet at the edges, surrounds a deep reddish-purple spadix

Illustrated

 


Arum. balansanum

Illustrated


Arum. besserianum

Form: Hardy tuberous perennial
Height: 
Spread: 
Foliage:
Plain green leaves
Flowers:
A slender green spathe, around a deeper purplish spadix

 


Arum. byzantinum

Arum. concinnatum

Form: Tuberous perennial, with horizontal tubers
Height: 
2-3ft (60-90cm)
Spread: 
Foliage: 
Arrow shaped deep-green leaves blotched with silver-grey.
Flowers: 
Very large lemon-lime to white spathes around 6-12in (15-30cm) a yellow spadix of 3.5-11in (9-27cm)

Leaves need protection in winter

Illustrated

 


Arum. creticum

Form: Spring flowering tuberous perennial
Height: 
12-20in (30-50cm)
Spread: 
8-12in (20-30cm)
Foliage: 
Arrow-shaped, semi-erect, deep-green leaves in autumn.
Flowers: 
In spring producing yellow or white spathes, are bottle-shaped at the base, being slightly reflexed at the apex, and having a protruding yellow spadix.

Sweetly scented

Illustrated 1

Illustrated 2

 


Arum. cylindraceum

Form: Tuberous perennial with a vertical tuber, resembling A. maculatum with a horizontal tuber.
Height: 
8-16in (20-40cm)
Spread: 
Foliage: 
Glossy, arrow-shaped, deep-green leaves.
Flowers: 
A creamy, greenish-white spathe, with unremarkable pale creamy yellow spadix, followed by bright red berries

 


Arum. cyrenaicum

Form: Tuberous perennial
Height: 
14-18in (35-45cm)
Spread: 
Foliage: 
Broad arrow-shaped, dark-green, leaves
Flowers: 
Light green spathes of 4-7in (10-16cm) long, with a 2.5in (6cm) broad spathe-limb, with a pink to rosy purple interior, and a dark pink/purple spadix of 3-4in (7-9cm) long.

Illustrated

 


Arum. dioscoridis

Form: Tuberous perennial
Height: 
Spread: 
Foliage: 
Dark green, arrow-shaped leaves
Flowers: 
Pale green spathes with confluent smooth velvety purplish-black blotches inside with a black spadix

 


Arum. dracunculus

See: Dracunculus. vulgaris 


Arum. elongatum

Form: Vertically tuberous perennial
Height: 
12-16in (30-40cm)
Spread: 
Foliage: 
Dark green, arrow-shaped leaves
Flowers:
In April/May producing remarkable deep purplish-red spathes, and spadix which at flowering time is only 10-15cm long but lengthens at fruiting time

 


Arum. euxinum

Arum. gratum

Arum. hainesii

Arum. hygrophilum

Form: Unusual hood forming tuberous perennial
Height: 
16-28in (40-70cm)
Spread: 
Foliage: 
Green lanceolate leaves up to 17in (45cm) long
Flowers: 
The spathe is bright green externally and greenish-white inside, surrounding a spadix of two-thirds the length of the spathe

Illustrated

 


Arum. idaeum

Form: Hardy, spring flowering tuberous perennial
Height: 
8-12in (20-30cm)
Spread: 
8-12in (20-30cm)
Foliage: 
Arrow-shaped, semi-erect, deep-green leaves in autumn.
Flowers: 
In spring producing dull purple spathes, that are bottle-shaped at the base, being slightly reflexed at the apex, and having a protruding deep purple spadix.

 


Arum. italicum albispathum

Form: Tuberous perennials
Height: 
Spread: 
Foliage: 
Handsome plain green sagittate leaves
Flowers: 
Large pale creamy white spathes

Illustrated


Arum. italicum chameleon

Arum. italicum marmoratum

Form: Tuberous perennials
Height: 
6-10in (15-25cm)
Spread: 
8-12in (20-30cm)
Foliage: 
Having semi-erect, dark-green, leaves with cream or white veining
Flowers: 
Producing pale-green, or creamy-white spathes, followed by red berries on the erect stems in the autumn.

Illustrated


Arum. jacquemontii

Arum. korolkowii

Form: Tuberous perennials
Height: 
8-16in (20-40cm)
Spread: 
Foliage: 
Having unmarked, deep-green leaves
Flowers: 
Spathe externally mid-green, interior green, shaded purple. Spadix dull cream

Non-odorous.

 


Arum. maculatum

Lords and Ladies Cuckoo Pint

Form: Vigorous, Fully Hardy, tuberous perennial
Height: 
10in (25cm)
Spread: 
Foliage: 
Producing arrow-shaped light to dark-green leaves blotched with brownish purple
Flowers: 
A creamy, greenish-white spathe, with unremarkable pale creamy yellow spadix, followed by bright red berries

 

Illustrated


Arum. nigrum

Form: Vigorous, Fully Hardy, tuberous perennial
Height: 
6-10in (15-25 cm)
Spread: 
Foliage: 
Leaves are glossy and deep-green
Flowers: 
In May producing a satin-purple/black spathe, surrounding a pale brown to deep purple spadix

 


Arum. orientale

Illustrated


Arum. palaestinum

Form: The largest of these tuberous perennials
Height: 
18-24 in. (45-60 cm)
Spread: 
Foliage: 
Large unmarked glossy green arrow shaped leaves.
Flowers: 
large spathes that are velvety black when they first unfurl, then changing to a rich purple. The spadix is black.
Surprisingly the flowers are sweetly rose scented 

Illustrated


Arum. pictum

Form: Tuberous perennials ~ Arum. pictum is the only autumn flowering member of this genus. It also has a characteristic purple edge to the young leaves
Height: 
6-10in (15-25cm)
Spread: 
6-8in (15-20cm)
Foliage: 
The arrow-shaped, semi-erect, leaves are first deep, shiny green upon emergence, later towards the spring they become glossy green with cream/silver veining.
Flowers: 
In autumn, both the leaves and cowl-like, velvet-textured, deep purple-brown spathe, and deep purple/black spadix are produced

Illustrated 1

Illustrated 2

 


Arum. purpureospathum

Form: A perennial Arum with horizontal tubers
Height: 
25-50cm
Spread: 
Foliage: 
Unmarked green leaves 12in (30cm) appear in autumn
Flowers: 
In spring this beautiful Arum produces a deep silky purple spathe half the length of the slender black spadix, followed by orange berries

Likes a good summer dormancy

 


Arum. rupicola

Form: Tuberous perennials
Height: 15-24in (40-65cm)
Spread: 
Foliage: 
Leaves are oblong-sagittate, unmarked, and dark green
Flowers: 
The spathe is long and narrow, pale green, and purple stained on the exterior, interior is purplish-red, and the spadix pale-yellow.

Flowers not scented. 

 


Arum. sintenisii

Arum. x sooi

 

Titan Arum

 

 

See:  Amorphophallus titanum

The Biggest Flower in the World grown to flowering size by Kew Gardens 

 

Cultivation: -

Requires a moist but well-drained soil, in a partially shaded, or sunny site

 

Propagation: -

Sow seed in autumn, or divide clumps in early autumn.

 

Fully to Half Hardy

Pests & Diseases: -

 

 

The International Aroid Society is for devotees having a serious interest in Arums.

Arum albispathum A. italicum ssp. albispathum

Arum alpinum A. cylindraceum

Arum apulum

Arum balansanum

Arum besserianum

Arum byzantinum

Arum canariense A. italicum ssp. canariense

Arum cilicicum A. rupicola

Arum concinnatum

Arum conophalloides A. rupicola

Arum cornutum Helicodiceros muscivorus

Arum creticum

Arum cylindraceum

Arum cyprium A. dioscoridis var. cyprium    

Arum. cyrenaicum

Arum detruncatum A. rupicola
-- var. virescens A. rupicola var. virescens

Arum. dioscoridis
-- var. cyprium
-- var. philistaeum
-- var. syriacum

Arum. elongatum
-- ssp. alpinariae

Arum euxinum

Arum. gratum

Arum guttatum Dracunculus. vulgaris

Arum guttatum Typhonium. venosum

Arum hainesii

Arum. hygrophilum

Arum. idaeum

Arum. italicum
-- ssp. albispathum
-- ssp. byzantinum A. byzantinum
-- ssp. canariense
-- var. maculatum A. italicum
-- ssp. neglectum

Arum jacquemontii

Arum. korolkowii

Arum kotschyi A. rupicola

Arum lucanum A. cylindraceum

Arum maculatum

Arum nickelii A. concinnatum

Arum nigrum
-- var. apulum A. apulum

Arum orientale
-- ssp. albispathum A. italicum ssp. albispathum
-- ssp. besserianum A. besserianum
-- ssp. longispathum
-- ssp. lucanum A. lucanum
-- var. sintenisii A. sintenisii

Arum palaestinum

Arum. pictum

Arum. purpureospathum

Arum rupicola
-- var. virescens

Arum. sintenisii

Arum x sooi

Arum venosum Typhonium. venosum

Arum wettsteinii A. concinnatum

 

This page was last updated on 05/02/2004

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